These plants use the kinetic energy of flowing water to rotate the turbine blades, hence converting kinetic energy into electrical energy. These types of power plants are very good for peak loads. Their main disadvantage lies in the fact that their location depends on a number of factors which are beyond the control of human beings such as the hydrological cycle of the region and so forth. If there is shortage

of water it could lead to shut down of these plants. For this reason alternative arrangements such as thermal power plants need to be made to ensure uninterrupted generation of power

hydro power-plant.

Important Components of Hydroelectric Power Plants

we describes the most important components of hydroelectric power plants and how they work to convert energy from water into electric energy. The most important part of the hydroelectric power plant is the dam, which acts as the water reservoir.

Water flowing in the river is comprised of kinetic energy and potential energy. In hydroelectric power plants the potential energy of water is utilized to produce electricity. There several important components of the hydroelectric power plant which

1) Dam

The dam is the most important component of hydroelectric power plant. The dam is built on a large river that has abundant quantity of water throughout the year. It should be built at a location where the height of the river is sufficient to get the maximum possible potential energy from water.

2) Water Reservoir

The water reservoir is the place behind the dam where water is stored. The water in the reservoir is located higher than the rest of the dam structure. The height of water in the reservoir decides how much potential energy the water possesses. The higher the height of water, the more its potential energy. The high position of water in the reservoir also enables it to move downwards effortlessly.

The height of water in the reservoir is higher than the natural height of water flowing in the river, so it is considered to have an altered equilibrium. This also helps to increase the overall potential energy of water, which helps ultimately produce more electricity in the power generation unit.

3) Intake or Control Gates

These are the gates built on the inside of the dam. The water from reservoir is released and controlled through these gates. These are called inlet gates because water enters the power generation unit through these gates. When the control gates are opened the water flows due to gravity through the penstock and towards the turbines. The water flowing through the gates possesses potential as well as kinetic energy.

4) The Penstock

The penstock is the long pipe or the shaft that carries the water flowing from the reservoir towards the power generation unit, comprised of the turbines and generator. The water in the penstock possesses kinetic energy due to its motion and potential energy due to its height.

The total amount of power generated in the hydroelectric power plant depends on the height of the water reservoir and the amount of water flowing through the penstock. The amount of water flowing through the penstock is controlled by the control gates.

5) Water Turbines

Water flowing from the penstock is allowed to enter the power generation unit, which houses the turbine and the generator. When water falls on the blades of the turbine the kinetic and potential energy of water is converted into the rotational motion of the blades of the turbine. The rotating blades causes the shaft of the turbine to also rotate. The turbine shaft is enclosed inside the generator. In most hydroelectric power plants there is more than one power generation unit.

There is large difference in height between the level of turbine and level of water in the reservoir. This difference in height, also known as the head of water, decides the total amount of power that can be generated in the hydroelectric power plant.

There are various types of water turbines such as Kaplan turbine, Francis turbine, Pelton wheels etc. The type of turbine used in the hydroelectric power plant depends on the height of the reservoir, quantity of water and the total power generation capacity.

 power-plant

6) Generators

A generator is the heart of a hydropower plant, and it is necessary to understand how it functions in order to grasp the other principles of hydroelectric energy. In a generator, electromagnetic charge is created by applying direct current to copper wiring attached to an assembly of magnetic steel. These steel field poles are positioned on the edge of a rotor, which is linked to a rotating turbine. As the rotor moves the field poles around the conductors embedded within an external wheel, electricity flows and generates voltage at the generator’s output centers. The generator is usually housed within a protective structure, and its stored energy can be fed into power lines. Larger hydroelectric plants often have multiple generators.

CENENT

Technical knowledge, and ability to provide all engineering services from phase zero to launch cement factory.

We execute our projects with a true EPC approach, performing every aspect of the project ourselves and doing the work for a fixed price.

Preliminary survey and demarcation of mining and mineral according to the chemical quality of raw materials - Plant location - review the technical and economic feasibility studies of the project - procurement, installation and commissioning of equipment and machinery for the projec. As well as Financial Resources supply of project.

At cail, we are focused on delivering innovative LNG solutions and superior project results. Our true EPC business model, combined with our industry expertise.

 

STEEL ,Iron and Metals

Our engineers, with benefiting from the world knowledge, and using today’s communication technology,In iron and steel and metal industry services, including:auto-feeding system burning system, pyrolysis system, heavy and light oil separate system, cooling system, exhaust gas recycling system, dedusting system, auto slag discharging system ,and also  to offer scrap shredder operators a set of resources that is unmatched by other suppliers of ferrous metal scrap and auto shredding equipment to make the right shredder facility to meet your needs and match your budget.

Think about Recycling

Saving of raw materials and energy by not having to first extract the iron from the ore.    Avoiding the pollution problems in the extraction of iron from the ore.    Not having to find space to dump the unwanted iron if it wasn't recycled.

 Oil & Gas

 Cail With experienced staff in onshore oil and gas development, oil and gas processing terminals, and underground gas storage. Services are provided for these industries from conceptual design and optimization, through complete turnkey EPC solutions.Services provided. cail delivers high quality, commercially viable solutions for  oil and gas developments, focusing on generating maximum value for our clients. Our specialist teams offer a comprehensive scope of services, encompassing initial concept studies through full engineering and construction contracts. Our key project and engineering staff include personnel experienced in plant operations, helping to ensure that we provide innovative and operable solutions to challenging projects.Our services include:

 Front end treating studies to assess project feasibility, schedules, capital expenditures, and operating and maintenance costs

 

 

PETROCHEMICAL and FERTILIZER

PETROCHEMICAL

petrochemical are products produced from hydrocarbon-based raw materials such as oil or gas into products for a wide range of applications.There are numerous types of petrochemicals and petrochemical end products. Some have consumer uses and others are mainly for industrial use. The primary petrochemical industry produces substances such as methanol, ethylene, toluene, and propylene directly from feed stocks. Intermediate and derivative .

FERTILIZER

We offer turnkey solutions for types of fertilizer projects by offering the complete line of fertilizer plants. We supply fertilizer plants to manufacture fertilizer in both the powder form and granulated form. The range includes :Urea fertilizer production

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POWER PLANTS

CAIL  has Ready to  provider of engineering, procurement and construction services to the power industry . Our expertise encompasses both traditional and emerging technologies, including fossil fuel electric generation,  hydroelectric and wind power.Our technologies and services for power industry customers include: Absorber vessels, stacks and chimney liners for fossil fuel plants  Penstocks, scroll cases and bifurcations for hydroelectric plants, Wind turbines

 Strata-Therm® thermal energy storage for Different -scale cooling systems

We Interest from few companies that can self-perform all aspects of the work from concept through commissioning. Thus, we focus on results, not billable hours. This integrated approach is possible because we Using of people around the world who are specialists in design, testing, fabrication, welding, construction and project management.

Paper and carton

Our company undertakes design, and order of manufacturing, supply, erection and commissioning of paper machines and modernization of existing pulp mill and paper machines on a turnkey basic. We have the necessary capabilities in project engineering, project management.

And also we are supplier of variety of Produce carton machines, from paper roll to sheet 3 to 5 layers and then converted to carton. form filling machine, vertical form fill machine, packaging machine, carton machine, sealing machines, packaging machines, form filling machines and many more.     

CAIL are a team professional and experienced in all kinds of paper machine ,craft paper machine, printing paper machine, coated paper machine. What's more, we also design machines as per customer's own requirements. 

 

PLASTICE

Our specialty is Design and Supply, of PP, PS, PVC, PC sheet extrusion lines,- Injection and Blower moldings machinery and PP, PC PET hollow profile sheet extrusion lines. Manufacturing customized products for our clients is one of our main goals. Leader has earned a marvelous reputation for its advanced technology and reliable quality. We offer the best possible extrusion solution without any compromise to quality, service, or delivery.among our customers, employees, and the company! CAIL is your best friend and business partner forever.Our company motto is "steady, service, and reliability". We are dedicated to technological research and development, total customer satisfaction and providing superior quality, high production, and profitable plastic extrusion machines. The result is a win-win-win situation shared by our customers, employees, and the company! More than just a business partner, with CAIL you’ve got friends!

 

Building Materials

Owing to our rich Construction Industry experience, we offer complete customer satisfaction to our clients. The products offered by us are in accordance with the industrial quality standards. We conduct various quality tests on required parameters and offer them in a stipulated time frame. The machines are manufactured under the supervision of our well-versed professionals.

cail co supplies, building materials and machinery production lines. from the best manufacturers in the world. And the installation immediately, whenever you want.

 

 

 

 

Sanitary and Pharmaceutical packing

We are a professional total-solution supplier of pharmaceutical machines and turn-key GMP projects. We combine European technology with China's manufacturing advantage, providing high-end equipment and projects with European standards from our modern China facility to worldwide customers.

We are committed is to providing: 1. quality pharmaceutical machines; 2. total solutions of technology; 3. professional services.

Our scope is devoted total solution for pharmaceutical projects:

- Full scopes of machines:

Production lines and machinery for types of tissues (Aromatic wet and dry). types sanitary pads and baby Diaper.

 

Food line and packaging

CAIL CO, designs and order of manufacturing, food product lines .Includes:

Juice, Yogurt, Cottage Cheese, Sour Cream, Ice Cream, Ricotta, Cream Cheese, Dip, Milk, Salsa, Jello, Apple Sauce, Cranberry Sauce, Ketchup, Meat Sauce, Grated Cheese. Custom applications are also available!

And packaging systems for the food, dairy, cosmetic . All units are 24 hour production machines that are servo or cam driven, have stainless steel construction and can be either aseptic or positive clean air pressure filling systems.  we build a variety of systems in either straight line or rotary with custom features that best fit your requirements. In addition, all systems are easy to operate, maintain and fulfill all standards.

 

 

Cail company- Cement- steel- Oil- Sand-  Paper

طراحی سایت توسط: پشتیبان وب